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Usability Study of an Intelligent Robotic Walker for Lower-Limb Motor Training

Articles
Published 27.03.2026
Andreas Zachariae
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology ; Karlsruhe University of Applied Sciences
Christian Wurll
Karlsruhe University of Applied Sciences image/svg+xml
Björn Hein
Karlsruhe University of Applied Sciences ; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
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Keywords

System Usability Scale
Human-Robot Interaction
Robotic Walker

Abstract

The RoboTrainer is an intelligent robotic walker that provides force-controlled lower-limb motor training. This short paper presents the results of a usability study using the standardized System Usability Scale (SUS) questionnaire. The average SUS score from 28 healthy participants was 76.6 ± 12.5. We compared this score with a meta-analysis of 67 robotic rehabilitation devices, demonstrating that the RoboTrainer’s usability exceeds the field’s average. These findings suggest the technology has strong potential for successful adoption.

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Copyright (c) 2025 Andreas Zachariae, Christian Wurll, Björn Hein